2009.6
About Instruments Today No. 170
Synchrotron Light Source Application in Biomedical Sciences
A Study of Fourier-Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy under Top-Up Injection Operation at NSRRC [ 下載 PDF ]
Yao-Chang Lee, Ching-Iue Chen, Pei-Yu Huang, Chin-Yen Liu
Top-up mode is the standard mode of operation at the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC, Taiwan) for serving users since the end of the year of 2005. Based on running constant beam current, beamlines take the advantage of constant heat load, higher flux of photon, and brightness for data acquisition. However, a random high frequency noise was always induced in the infrared spectrum during top-up mode operation. In order for eliminating the spectral noise during electron injection, an innovative gating system was constructed and proved to be effective method by steering acquisition program of infrared microspectroscopy system. In this study, we reported the detailed gating scheme, a gating module and the status of end-station of infrared microspectroscopy. Utilizing both noise eliminating system and technique of synchrotron-radiation-based FT-IR, we successfully acquired subsequently spectra and spectral images.
The Applications of Biomedical Imaging with Synchrotron X-Rays [ 下載 PDF ]
Yeu-Kuang Hwu, Cheng-Liang Wang, Chi-Jen Liu, Pei-Cheng Hsu, Tsung -Yu Cheng, Tsung-Nan Lo, Tzu-En Hua
Radiology is the oldest and by far the largest field of application of X-rays. In recent years, this domain has been literally revolutionized by the exploitation of the unique characteristics of synchrotron sources. The results are particularly spectacular when the high spatial coherence of the radiation is used for novel and powerful approaches to radiology. The results are very high quality microradiology and microtomograhy images and movies- taken with a limited X-ray dose- that find a variety of applications in materials science, biology and medical research.
Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation Beamlines—Properties and Applications in Bioscience [ 下載 PDF ]
Hok-Sum Fung
The energy range covered by the beamlines at the TLS (Taiwan Light Source) ring of NSRRC has expanded from a range of 4–1800 eV, provided by the first three beamlines in 1993 when TLS started operation, to a much broader range now covering infrared to hard X-ray up to 33 keV, with 28 beamlines in operation/commission. Users performing experiments on life science research at NSRRC have grown enormously in recent years. This article provides an introduction to the researchers with the basic principles of beamlines using accessible language and figures, with the aim to stimulate interests in a broad audience in various fields of research for synchrotron radiation research.
Biosensor [ 下載 PDF ]
Lee-Jene Lai
The biosensor is the biological element that is assembled on the sensor system. The whole system combines the biomedical and engineering technologies. This report describes the biosensor technologies which include the principle, type, interface and measuring systems. Some types will be presented, including the electrochemical, piezoelectric and optical biosensors. The biosensor will be designed for the purpose that the detection is fast, stable, high specificity, high selectivity, high sensitivity and user friendliness, which can be widely applied in the medical development, immunoassay, drug screening, agriculture industry and environment monitoring.
An Infrared Kinetic Study of Wax Physisorption for Oral Cavity Cancer Detection Using Synchrotron-Based Infrared Microspectroscopy [ 下載 PDF ]
Yao-Chang Lee, Pei-Yu Huang, Ya-Chu Chang, Ching-Iue Chen
The present study employed synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopy (SR-IMS) to establish the correlation of kinetic physisorption between wax molecules and oral cavity cells/ tissues for diagnosing oral cavity cancer. The absorbance of νsCH2 and νasCH2 of waxed sample in the spectral range of 3000–2800 cm−1 enabled to be a signpost of wax remained onto the cells or tissues during the kinetic dewaxing procedures. The results revealed that the cell line of oral epidermoid carcinoma cell meng-1 (OECM-1) showed a physisorption preference for beeswax (C46H92O2) but not paraffin (C25H52). On the contrary, the cell lines of normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOK) exhibited a physisorption preference with paraffin but not beeswax. Expectably, the tissues of oral cavity cancer and normal oral cavity showed a consistency of physisorption preference of wax with the cell lines of OCEM-1 and NHOK, respectively, in the infrared kinetic study of oral cavity tissue. According to our findings, paraffin and beeswax revealed a specific selectivity for normal and cancer of oral cavity tissue, respectively. Therefore, paraffinbeeswax- based infrared kinetics will be one of promise methods for detection oral cavity cancer.
High-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging System [ 下載 PDF ]
Jia-Jiun Chen, Chao-Hung Chung, Chih-Kuang Yeh
The studies of gene research, cancer therapy and developmental biology have become very important issues in the field of bio-technology. Microcirculation changes occur in many disease states including cancer and diabetes and it is an important index in clinical diagnosis. The main goal of the report is to develop novel ultrasound imaging technologies and apply them to estimate microcirculation. High frequency ultrasound system has been developed for noninvasive imaging of microcirculation such as the skin, the anterior chamber of the eye, and mouse embryos. More recent improvements include color Doppler and power Doppler imaging modes which allow mapping of blood velocity and power, respectively. At the same time, ultrasound imaging technology has progressed with the development of ultrasound microbubbles contrast agents and with improvements in spatial resolution and dynamic range. Potential applications of the high-resolution ultrasound imaging include the high-resolution assessment of tumor volumetric blood flow in small animals and the evaluation of the superficial vasculature in clinical studies.
Electron Probe Microanalyzer [ 下載 PDF ]
Jenq-Gong Duh, Kai-Jheng Wang, Su-Yueh Tsai
Electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) is a scanning electron microscope which employs the focused electron beam to analyze the composition in a micro region. The analysis method of EPMA is similar to the commercial energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). However, the operation principle is entirely different from EDS. The theory of EPMA is to analyze the wavelength of characteristic X-ray to evaluate the element concentration. The quantitative analysis can be carried out by EPMA due to the good P/B ratio of spectrum with the resolution better than 100 ppm. In this article, the development and theory of EPMA are revealed, and then the analysis methods and applications are also described.
Development of Membrane-Typed Metal Mould with Microstructures for Imprinting [ 下載 PDF ]
Yu-Hsiang Tang, Jr-Jung Yang, Yu-Hsin Lin, Yi-Chiuen Hu
In this paper, we focus on the development of membrane-typed metal mould with microstructures for imprinting. This mould has several benefits including reusable, easy replaceable core, and low cost that strongly improves industrial values in microstructure mass production. Photolithography, electroforming, and grinding techniques have been integrated in order to develop the membrane-typed metal mould in this research. It has been proven that the metal mould of micro pillars could be successfully fabricated. This metal mould was fabricated by precision electroforming technology that Ni-Co alloy was deposited on a photoresist mould, and further peeled off to attach onto a level mould. The hardness, stiffness and toughness of the Ni-Co alloy material core structure were sufficient and strong enough for reusable duration. The durability of this membrane-typed metal mould has been greatly enhanced. Furthermore, by applying roller assisted attaching mechanism, the interface between the mould and Ni- Co alloy core became more inseparable and flat.
