2004.6
About Instruments Today No. 140
Designs and Manufactures of Optical Components
Optical Thin Film in Nature and Made by Human Being－from the Color Display Point of View [ 下載 PDF ]
Cheng-Chung Lee
Nature shows its iridescent color from various structures of optical thin films in the animal, plant and mineral. Such a fruitful color can be explained by the theory of wave optics in function of optical interference. Based on the principle of interference, variant scientific applications including color display have been made by our human being. The similarity of natural and man-made color has been explored and explained by means of photos and figures in this article. The result reveals that human being just reached to the shallow region of the nature. A lot of structural thin films in the nature are still worth to learn, such as why the thin film is in such a structure and how was it made.
Analysis and Design of Quartz Optical Low-Pass Filter [ 下載 PDF ]
Kuo-Cheng Huang, Bih-Chang Wang, Liang-Ching Liao
False colors and Moire fringes are common problems with high-resolution digital cameras. Since the colors recognized by the camera are different from the actual ones as high spatial frequency light enters a pixel. Optical low-pass filters (OLPF) are used to eliminate color Moire fringes in high-quality digital imaging systems. Nowadays, a three-layer filter is more popular and developed specifically in response to CCD/CMOS sensors. Two of the three layers are single-crystal substrates, which separate image data in horizontal and vertical directions. A phase plate, which converts linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, has been sandwiched between these two substrates. That results in more accurate image data separation, as well as a facilitation of light reception by multiple pixels, and minimizes false colors due to finer line patterns input. In general, the optical low-pass filter is laminated together with an infrared-cut filter, which suppresses ghosts and colors overlapping caused by infrared light. This paper analyzes the contributions to MTF of optical system in detail for different F/#, orientation of single-crystal substrates and different number of layers.
Micro-Optical System for Lab-on-a-Chip [ 下載 PDF ]
Hong-Yuh Chou, Tsung-Hsun Yang
Moving toward the new era, based on the great progress in biotechnology and the miniaturization techniques in engineering, the development on the technology of lab on a chip becomes one of the most important subjects for the multi-discipline integration. In this text, it is to introduce the application of the micro-optic system techniques for the function of the signal detection on the chip. Especially, it will focus on the basic light source modeling.
Properties and Measurement of Fiber Optic Passive Components [ 下載 PDF ]
Winyann Jang
Fiber optic communication is the main stream technology for wire-line broadband communication networks. Single mode fiber optic network has been the best choice for long-haul, metro or short distance communications. A reliable network depends on excellent properties and good quality of all the components applied. Passive components are the most used components in a fiber optic network in terms of quantity and variety. Key elements for characterizing passive components include insertion loss and dispersion related properties. For the next generation multi wavelength and ultra high bit rate fiber optic network, accurate measurement of loss spectrum and polarization-dependent properties for the components is indispensable.
Fabrications and Applications of CO2 Laser Tube [ 下載 PDF ]
Chien-Shing Lee, Kuo-Cheng Huang, Ching-Hsiang Kuo, Jung-Ru Yu
The processing objects of the carbon dioxide laser are in great variety: for instance, sheet metal, ceramic substrate, printed circuit board, and PMMA et al. Due to the prosperous development in unique optical glass and crystal industrial undertaking, the carbon dioxide laser manufacturing technology has been gradually applied to cutting the optical products such as quartz, crystal, etc. Besides, with the increasing demand of LCD panel, many engineers in this field start out to do research on the techniques of carbon dioxide laser, which can be regarded as the mainstream of large-size LCD cutting tool in the next generation. This article presents the principles of carbon dioxide laser emitting and proposes certain relevant designs and applied works of such manufacturing equipment.
Diffractive / Refractive Hybrid Lens Applied to Optical System Design [ 下載 PDF ]
Hui-Hsiung Lin
Because of improved quality of imaging and corrected Seidel aberration, the design to combine refractive components with diffractive optical element is very important in a traditional multicomponent optical system. In addition, the hybrid functions including stigmatic imaging, athermal and multi-focus can be enabled by the design combining diffractive structure and the aspheric refractive curvature of kinoform hybrid lenses. Many methods can determine the exact surface-relief profile and calculate the phase function of the kinoform lens, including direct phase function approach, Sweatt model with not-so-large virtual values of refractive index or other methods etc. Due to the significance of methods that can determine the exact surface-relief profile, this paper surveyed and studied the related criterions in order to find the appropriate methodology for determining the exact surface-relief.
CV / UV Application on the Investigation of Nickel Oxide Electrochromic Materials [ 下載 PDF ]
Wei-Feng Chen, Shu-Yii Wu
Electrochromic (EC) is composed of several elements assembled in a layered configuration. The basic function of an EC device is to exhibit repeated coloration/bleaching cycles with back and forth sweeps of small voltages. These properties make electrochromic materials of considerable interest for optical devices of several different types, such as elements for information display, smart window, antiglare rearview mirror and variable-emittance thermal radiators. The cyclic voltametry, CV, and ultra violent spectrometer, UV, are the powerful tools for the determination of the EC lifetime and qualities. The preparations of EC materials focus on the electroless and sol-gel chemical methods.
Application of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry to the Study of Cyclodextrin Non- Covalent Bond Complexes [ 下載 PDF ]
Mei-Hui Chen, Wang-Hsien Ding
Application of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to study the non-covalent bond complexes is introduced. The gentleness of the electrospray ionization process allows intact complexes to be directly detected by mass spectrometry. Stoichiometry of the complex can be easily obtained from the resulting mass spectrum because the molecular weight of the complex is directly measured. ESI-MS technique is complementary to other physical methods, such as NMR and spectrophotometry. Moreover, mass spectrometry offers advantages in speed and sensitivity. In this paper, several applications of ESI-MS and non-covalent bond complexes between organic isomers, amino acids, peptides, organometallic, and cyclodextrins are discussed.
"Technology of Intracavity Frequency Conversion in Diode-Pumped Actively Q-Switched Nd:YVO4 Laser: Green, Yellow-Orange and Red Lasers" [ 下載 PDF ]
Yi-Shin Chen, Yung-Fu Chen
Most of Nd-doped solid-state laser was utilized for visible light source generation by frequency conversion. By introducing a Q-switching element, the power of visible laser could be scaled up obviously and be applied practically, especially in industrial and medical application. The succinctly description of correlative theory and experimental frame are the main purpose of this article.
The Influence of Water and Thermal Conditions on the Performance of PEM Fuel Cells [ 下載 PDF ]
Lung-Yu Sung, Yi-Yie Yan, Shu-Mei Ho, Fanghei Tsau
The conditions of water balance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are studied in this research. It is known that water and thermal management is very important to PEM fuel cells. The performance can be optimized with better control of cell conditions. Some important conditions in water and thermal management including cell temperature, reactant flow rate, humidity, and pressure are investigated in this research.
